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===Epigenetic activation or inactivation of genes plays a critical role in many important human diseases, especially in cancer. A major mechanism for epigenetic inactivation of the genes is methylation of CpG islands in genome DNA caused by DNA methyltransferases. Histone methyltransferases (HMTs) control or regulate DNA methylation through chromatin-dependent transcription repression or activation. HMTs transfer 1-3 methyl groups from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the lysine and arginine residues of histone proteins. ESET, G9a, SUV39-h1, SUV39- h2, SETDB1, Dim-5 and Eu-HMTase are histone methyltransferases that catalyze methylation of histone H3 at lysine 9 (H3-K9). In mammalian cells, mono-methyl H3-K9 is enriched in certain euchromatic domains, which have been postulated to be transcriptionally silent. The H3-K9 mono-methylation can be also changed by inhibiton or activation of HMTs. Thus quantitative detection of mono-methyl histone H3-K9 would provide useful information for better understanding epigenetic regulation of gene activation/silencing and for developing HMT-targeted drugs. The Mono-Methyl Histone H3-K9 Quantification Kit (Clorimetric) provides a tool for measuring mono-methylation of histone H3-K9.
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