1.  Floating Migration Effect: This is the primary mechanism. Due to poor compatibility between wax and epoxy resin, coupled with its low density, wax particles gradually migrate to the coating surface during curing.

Formation of a protective layer: Ultimately, these wax particles create an extremely fine, uniform, and uneven wax film on the outermost layer of the coating. This film acts as a “sacrificial layer.”

Reduced Friction Coefficient: When an object scrapes the coating surface, the force first impacts these protruding wax particles rather than directly affecting the epoxy resin matrix. This significantly lowers the surface friction coefficient, achieving scratch resistance and wear resistance.

Generated Micro-Irregularities: The surface wax particles make complete optical contact difficult, thereby also contributing to a certain degree of matting effect (reducing gloss).